HISTORY OF MOSCOW TAXI

In pre-revolutionary Russia, all railways intersect in Moscow. Incoming and returning large numbers of people, creating the need for urban transport (moscow taxis), which could drive passengers and their luggage to their seats. Demand for transportation was great, so Moscow has an enormous amount drivers. The industry has evolved, and she needed were certain requirements: tariffs, the system of ordering crew organization parking lots. All this is the beginning of the birth of moscow taxi in Russia as a mode of transport. Certain fees for travel does not exist. Available at that time, passengers are encouraged to give cabby half, and sometimes less than requested them to bid. Each cabby was obliged to have copper label or number. For non-compliance with certain rules: pribity the wrong place license plate, stopping in nepolozhennom place, scratched or dirty crew, thin caftan, cabby subject to a fine by the police. Driver held and a technical inspection by the police. At the caftan, the hats, the crews put the seal. There are several types of drivers: «Vanka» - the name of urban domestic cabby-sezonschika of peasants, very cheap, with few sanyami bad horse and harness. «Vanka» did not expect sedoka traded, and went in search of the streets. Traveled mainly in winter (summer less). Bralo cheap - for 15-20 kopecks. vez couple of the racers through the whole Moscow. Kalibere traveled in the summer, winter - in the sledge. «Lihach» - cabby, hired, expensive, high-spirited horses to harness the good and dandy crew. It is characterized by rapid careless ezdoy, rich people are sometimes hired for a certain period of the specified part of the day, stood near the best hotels in the area and some restaurants. «Golubchik» (or frisky) - a permanent, professional cabby, had special uniforms - shuttlecock: blue cloth poddevka to toe, with a high waist, and many folds back, back and lower waist thick wool podbitaya, fastens on the left, podpoyasannaya sash. At the head - the summer Yamskaya hat in the form of small cylinder of felt or strips, timbered skin, with narrow zagnutymi fields, wide black ribbon with a large metal buckle in front, winter - with a four-cornered hat cloth top. At collar hung tin room. In winter, he traveled to the city sledge, in the summer - at proletke with rising riding. Standing in a particular place - at izvozschichey Exchange. Cost of 20 cents to 1 ruble. In 1899 was established Dumskaya Commission, which was to develop and install taxi for travel to izvozchike. In this regard, the Commission has an interest in the invention of St. Petersburg Engineering AG Katskogo - taximeter. Taximeter was a cubic box, which screw to the goat. When the cabby is free, of the apparatus peeps full house «free». When a passenger sits down, he was pressing on the seat cushion connects open here and talk machine starts to work and window displays plate «normal tax» or «vozvyshennaya tax». Once the passenger sat down, hand jump by 10 cents - a minimal fee, and then moves evenly otschityvaya of 2 pennies, for a time, which will be introduced in every city. This was a taximeter and standby sedoka. Kucher lever and the screen appear plate «waiting for» and the machine starts to work slowly, not ceasing to be. By the end of the traveler on the arrow in the unit easy to determine how much it must pay. The first car - a taxi appeared on the streets of Moscow 1 September, 1907. In these days of newspaper «Voice of Moscow» wrote: «What is the driver to gain a small« Olds-Mobile »poster« Izvozchik. Fee under the agreement ». He drive on the streets, stopping at corners, and, apparently, could not complain about the lack of racers ». The first parking Moscow taxi appeared in 1907 on Strastnoy (now Pushkin) Square. In 1907 now feel happy birthday taxi. Traces of corded tires of oldsmobilya long ago disappeared from the streets of Moscow, but the scheme unknown to us motorists has been very productive, it picked up many enterprising car owners. Old Testament word «cabby» soon gave way to a new term - «taxis». Taxis, all increasing the number of active «cut» on urban streets, closely izvozchichih Trotter. In 1914 the Moscow City Government ... there were three hundred «rolling» cars, that is working with the fare by mutual agreement with the passenger's driver. «A car-izvozchikov for the passage of a tax: the day with three passengers are charged for each mile the first 40 kopecks. For each subsequent 30 kopecks.; For a large number of passengers in proportion to tax increases; night fee increases of approximately 20%. Cars have a place to park. There are also at railway stations ». Over the following years, the scope of taxis in big cities in developing a thriving. But in 1917 it ceased to exist, as do many other attributes «bourgeois life».